The Effects of Excitatory and Inhibitory Social Cues on copyright-Seeking Behavior
The Effects of Excitatory and Inhibitory Social Cues on copyright-Seeking Behavior
Blog Article
Social partners influence the likelihood of using drugs, developing a substance use disorder, and relapse to drug use after a period of abstinence.Preclinical studies report that social cues influence the acquisition of copyright auren3 use, the escalation of copyright use over time, and the compulsive patterns of copyright use that emerge during an extended binge.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of social cues on the reinstatement of copyright-seeking behavior after a period of abstinence.Male rats were obtained at weaning, assigned to triads (3 rats/cage), reared to adulthood, and implanted with intravenous catheters.Rats from each triad were then assigned to one of three conditions: (1) test rats were trained to self-administer copyright and were tested for reinstatement, (2) copyright partners were trained to self-administer copyright and were predictive of response-contingent copyright delivery, and (3) abstinent partners were not given access to copyright and were predictive of extinction.
Test rats alternated social partners every 5 days for 20 days such that responding was reinforced with copyright in the presence of the copyright partner (S+) for 10 days and not reinforced with copyright in the presence of the abstinent partner (S-) for 10 days.Responding of the test rats was then extinguished over 7 days under isolated conditions.Tests of reinstatement were then conducted in the presence of the copyright partner and abstinent partner under extinction conditions.Neither social partner reinstated responding relative to that observed on the final day of extinction; however, responding was greater in the presence of the copyright partner (S+) than the abstinent partner (S-) during the reinstatement test.These hard steel shot data fail to demonstrate that a social partner reinstates copyright-seeking behavior after a period of abstinence, but they do indicate that social partners can serve as either excitatory or inhibitory discriminative stimuli to influence drug-seeking responses.